Indian experience of multiple stock exchanges - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1319 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? In India, we have had over a decade of experience with multiple stock exchanges and line operators arbitraging between these markets. This has been a fairly well accepted idea. The number of investors opting for  on-line  trading has gone up manifold, according to the recently published ‘Indias Leading Equity Broking Houses, 2008? by Dun Bradstreet (DB). The publication says that less than 10% of the 191 broking firms surveyed reported huge growth in opening of e-broking accounts and some firms saw a surge in value of up to 400% in e-broking during 2009. According to the report, number of e-broking accounts registered in 2009 have grown exponentionally. Indiabulls Securities Ltd added 4,51,611 accounts while a relatively new firm in the industry, Reliance Money added 2,15,678 accounts during the same time period.   Since the banking system is not fully integrated with the securities markets, brokerage firms face limitations in raising f inancial resources for business and expansion. With buoyancy of the stock markets and the rising prospects of several well organized broking firms, important opportunity to access capital markets for resource mobilization has become available. The recent past witnessed several leading brokerage firms accessing capital markets for financial resources with success. The capital market in Pakistan is still in its infancy commensuration with the stage of economic development and transition from agricultural base to industrial based set-up. Broadly capital market includes various institutions like Commercial Banks, Investment Banks, Leasing Companies, Modarabas and Stock Exchanges. But it specifically connotes money market operations and marketing of securities through stock exchanges. The Stock Exchange is a formal association of agents who deal in shares and securities and execute the order of their customers on commission basis. An agent usually has an office with sufficient informa tion sources, current quotations and advisory expertise to assist investors in making decisions. They also must know where to find the buyers and sellers for the securities and arrange membership or contacts with the other stock exchanges operating in the country. Besides providing incidental services like financing the transactions and storage of securities. The main function of a stock exchange is to provide a place where the agents can bring their orders in respect of given list of securities. In this way buying and selling orders and transactions are matched and completed where customers gets the required service and the agents earn commissions. The working of Stock Exchange in India is regulated by Corporate Law Authority. Like Stock Exchange in other countries. Stock Exchanges in our country are also governed by business practices and extensive rules regarding method of trading in securities. Basically these regulations are made to protect the investors and also to assist m embers and develop Stock Exchange. Although the floor rules vary in nature yet they ensure the set routine and proper handling of orders. These rules try to ensure that agents or members should not take unfair advantage to the detriment of investors. While listing a stock or bond the Stock Exchange forges an understanding with the issuing company in matters like allotment, and transfer of securities, declaration of dividends, and issuance of right and bonus shares and the publication of accounts reflecting the affairs of the company. The rules also include registration of stocks and certificates and publication of Balance Sheets as a pre-condition to get listing in Stock Exchange. These rules and regulations if applied properly bring prestige to Stock Exchanges and create confidence amongst the investors. A central idea in modern finance is the law of one price. This states that in a competitive market, if two assets are equivalent from the point of view of risk and return, they should sell at the same price. If the price of the same asset is different in two markets, there will be operators who will buy in the market where the asset sells cheap and sell in the market where it is costly. This activity termed as Share Broking Houses, involves the simultaneous purchase and sale of the same or essentially similar security in two different markets for advantageously different prices. The buying cheap and selling expensive continues till prices in the two markets reach equilibrium. Hence, Share Broking Houses helps to equalize prices and restore market efficiency. The evolution of Indian stock market had been emerged in the year 1975, when Congress directed the SEC to develop a national market system in which all orders to buy or sell equities would interact. It would have been considered that a national market system abhors fragmentation and assumes that one market will best serve the needs of all investors. However, such an assumption would not capture the realities of modern markets. Every individual investor has different needs and different markets will develop to serve these needs. Markets are non anonymous, and in such markets, the most important concept of trading best price is not defined. The fragmented markets are a natural result of competition among investment options. The sharing of trade and quote information among markets helps to mitigate any deleterious effects of fragmentation within the Indian stock market. It would have also been considered that the markets of tomorrow will be global. Therefore in an Indian market, the SEC will have to give up its goal of a national market system and focus on other issues related to the world as a whole for the investors. For an instance, it will be a challenge to provide just the sharing of trade information of equities/commodities across the borders of globe. Further, a technological evolution will allow the investors in order to gathering information to be located anywhere in the world from the common market centre. Hence, this threat of relocation will place a restriction on Indian regulators, and global trading will make it more difficult for SEBI authorities to regulate investment practices and opportunities and to protect Indian investors from such difficulties. Also, the equity markets worldwide are in a state of change. As we already mentioned that the technology and the internet have had and will continue to have a deep impact on the structure of the equity markets. Some of the recent rulings from the SEBI have unleashed new competitive forces that will challenge established markets which already existed. There are some constraints and processes such as date, the cost and awkwardness of the settlement processes across the nations which had restrained global competition, but these processes were changing. As the time passes, the cross-border settlement becomes cheaper and easier to invest for an investor, as a result the global trading may increase and Indian regulators will need to adapt to this new environment. Consequently, the amendments in the year 1975 to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 set as a national goal which state that all securities should be traded in a national market system. This goal has shaped out much of the security exchange controls thinking since that time; however this goal may collapse with some of the ongoing structural changes which might occur in the equity markets, in both domestically and worldwide. A national market system of a country represents a naÃÆ'ƒÂ ¯ve and parochial view of the way in which equities traded. It is incompatible in a way with how the markets in the country are developing and will develop in near future. As mentioned above that a national market system needs to abhor fragmentation as the fragmentation limits interaction among order flow. Since, the fragmentation has emerged as the heart of competition for investors. It has been coded by many of the research er that the new competition creates fragmentation, but significant fragmentation will occur only if the competition is successful. In case, the competition is extremely successful, existing markets will decline and fail, resulting ultimately in less fragmentation. Therefore with due effect of the increasing the world globally, the SEBI will have to give up its goal of a national market system, begin to recognize the global nature of the equity across the India. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Indian experience of multiple stock exchanges" essay for you Create order

Judeo Christian Veiws on God Free Essays

Explain how the Judeo Christian tradition shows the goodness of God The ‘goodness’ of God, as a concept, refers to the holiness and care that god himself initiates on his people, however the Judeo-Christian tradition hold that gods attributes cannot be a ‘concept’ as god is personal, and treats all living beings as individuals. The biblical god, a completely different god than that of Plato or any philosopher, who can be seen as a ‘concept’ can be referred and described to as ‘good’ throughout scriptures through acts of kindness and his characteristics of denying those who are evil for the better of mankind; ‘You have rejected me, says the lord, your are going backward so I have stretched out my hand against you and destroyed you’ (Jeremiah 15. 6). We will write a custom essay sample on Judeo Christian Veiws on God or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to this Judeo-Christian tradition gods goodness cannot have attributes of evil and portray his acts of being hard done by as help to those who need it. However this anger is not subjected to those who have done nothing wrong, but to those who are unjust and mistreat those of equality to them. The simple understanding of gods goodness is to look at what he does, he is beneficial to his creatures and doesn’t act for his own profit, but for those on earth to create a helpful father as he wishes to be conceived; ‘I myself, said, how gladly I treat you like sons, and give you a desirable land, the most insurance of any nation. I thought you would call me father and not turn away from me’ (Jeremiah 3. 19-20). God also promises Abraham that he would be the father to the Israelites, a great nation. The goodness which is a strong participant of gods role in the bible, along with the ten commandments ‘do not commit adultery, do no steal’ and so forth, conduct a role in which those who follow the doings of god will also take on. This also helps the follower of god to feel innate and closer to god as they respond and follow his rules with obedience. Gods acts on individual people whilst helping them, is simply for their faith to be held with him, and they believe whatever god puts forth for them to do, they shall do it as god is good, and wouldn’t want to cause intentional hurt without reason. (quote 1). God can further can be seen as having personal feelings, as he is seen to be hurt and becomes angry when people disobey his orders and when people fail to respond to his commands, for example committing adultery would be a sin against god; ‘Instead, as a faithless wife leaves her husband, so you have been faithless to me, Oh house of Israel, says the lord’ (Jeremiah 3:19 19-20). God also shows love and compassion, another two attributes to gods goodness, as he bore a son to Hannah as she prayed to him to ‘look on the misery of your servant and remember me†¦.. give to your servant a male child’ (Jeremiah 3:19-20) Although his anger and the justice he serves on those who disobey him are sometimes seen as mean, they are attributes to his personality as a god and believers see this as him being fair and just. He does these as comeuppance to supposed faithful ones to take advantage of his goodness, and is still seen as perfect; ‘He is the rock, his works are perfect and all his ways are just. A faithful god who does no wrong, upright and just is he. They have acted corruptly towards him, to their shame they are no longer his children but a warped and crocked generation’. (Deuteronomy 32. 4-5)       It is essential therefore, for people to respond to god’s demands with faith and obedience as god is the only one who understands and defines goodness, humans cannot understand this concept as we are tempted by evil. Having faith in god when you are poor and with nothing may be hard, but as Abraham sets example and continues believing in god, others should follow and having faith may lead them to a better fortune and not give up on hope. The goodness of god in the bible is represented through situations and stories told for centuries, they show his many attributes that fold into the one personality of god, to be and always be infinitely good. How to cite Judeo Christian Veiws on God, Papers

Islam And Buddhism Essays - Spirituality, Allah, Deities, Shabda

Islam And Buddhism Islam and Buddhism are two distinct religious traditions that provide their own meaningful responses to the fundamental questions about life. Their views on issues relating to the possibility of a Supreme Being, the purpose of life and their understanding of the cycle of life and death are all quite distinct from each other, but at the same time, having minor similarities. These can be seen in the following comparative study between the teachings of these two world religions. Is there a Supreme Being? What is the nature of the divine? All Muslims profess the existence of the One and Only God, God Almighty who is also referred to as 'Allah'. They firmly believe that Allah is the most high and honored, the creator and the sustainer of all that exists and he has no physical connections between any thing he has created whether it be the creatures or human beings on this earth. He has no beginning and no end. Allah has no physical dimensions like hunger, sleep or rest for he is the one who gives such attributes to his creatures. Buddhism on the other hand, recognises no creator god who initially brought the universe into existence and continues to control it in the way that Allah controls everything that is or happens in the universe from the smallest to the greatest events. The founder of Buddhism, who is known as Buddha, did not want to be worshipped as a god. He taught that people would be happier if they took responsibility for their own thoughts and actions. His teachings were simply a guide for living. Muslims can some what relate to this in the way they are taught to be responsible for their own actions and sins. The two religions are also similar in the way they both believe in the concept of god/s existing in the afterlife. Muslims firmly believe in the existence of Allah in heaven while Buddhists consider the possibility of gods existing in the heavens that their karma has created. What is the purpose of life? Islam teaches that God created human beings and endowed them with immortal souls. Each individual possesses the quality of uniqueness and the duty of each person is to work out his or her own destiny and each is responsible for his or her own action. Buddhists would say that rather than being created by a Supreme Being, humans actually got themselves born due to karma made in past lives. This was made with a particular father and mother with whom we have karmic connections. Islam also teaches that the task of a human being is to make a sincere effort and strive to do his/her best. Islam discourages its followers to sit in resignation. However, whatever results from effort is to come from God's decision and should be accepted with patience. At the same time, giving thanks and praise to God is also part of the central purpose in life. In contrast to Buddhism teachings, Buddha did not want to be worshipped as a god, but instead, taught people that the central idea of life was to reach as sense of incomprehensible peace in their minds. In Islam, life is essentially preparation for the Day of Judgement when Allah will call all people to hear an account of how they have lived. This will determine their destiny after life. On the other hand, Buddhists believe that humans are on this earth because of the evil things that they have committed in past lives and the main purpose of life is to reach the state of enlightenment. To escape the cycle of rebirth is to enter the supreme reality of Nirvana where there is freedom and bliss. To attain nirvana is simply to be out of existence. The way in which Buddhists are taught to go about this is to devote their life to compassion, charity, and non-violence and to clear their mind of all content and learn to drift away from the consciousness of this world. How do we understand the cycle of life and death? Is there life after death? In Islam, life on earth is considered to be a minute part of the totality of existence. The life in the hereafter is of eternal duration. Every individual is accountable for his performance in the worldly life and is answerable in front of God on the Day of Judgement. On this day, God will raise every one from the dead and he will allow those who have lived a

Data Cleaning for Data Analysis in Sociology

Data Cleaning for Data Analysis in Sociology Data cleaning is a crucial part of data analysis, particularly when you collect your own quantitative data. After you collect the data, you must enter it into a computer program such as SAS, SPSS, or Excel. During this process, whether it is done by hand or a computer scanner does it, there will be errors. No matter how carefully the data has been entered, errors are inevitable. This could mean incorrect coding, incorrect reading of written codes, incorrect sensing of blackened marks, missing data, and so on. Data cleaning is the process of detecting and correcting these coding errors. There are two types of data cleaning that needs to be performed to data sets. They are possible code cleaning and contingency cleaning. Both are crucial to the data analysis process because if ignored, you will almost always produce misleading research finding. Possible-Code Cleaning Any given variable will have a specified set of answer choices and codes to match each answer choice. For example, the variable gender will have three answer choices and codes for each: 1 for male, 2 for female, and 0 for no answer. If you have a respondent coded as 6 for this variable, it is clear that an error has been made since that is not a possible answer code. Possible-code cleaning is the process of checking to see that only the codes assigned to the answer choices for each question (possible codes) appear in the data file. Some computer programs and statistical software packages available for data entry check for these types of errors as the data is being entered. Here, the user defines the possible codes for each question before the data is entered. Then, if a number outside of the pre-defined possibilities is entered, an error message appears. For example, if the user tried to enter a 6 for gender, the computer might beep and refuse the code. Other computer programs are designed to test for illegitimate codes in completed data files. That is, if they were not checked during the data entry process as just described, there are ways to check the files for coding errors after data entry is complete. If you are not using a computer program that checks for coding errors during the data entry process, you can locate some errors simply by examining the distribution of responses to each item in the data set. For example, you could generate a frequency table for the variable gender and here you would see the number 6 that was mis-entered. You could then search for that entry in the data file and correct it. Contingency Cleaning The second type of data cleaning is called contingency cleaning and is a little more complicated than possible-code cleaning. The logical structure of the data may place certain limits on the responses of certain respondents or on certain variables. Contingency cleaning is the process of checking that only those cases that should have data on a particular variable do in fact have such data. For example, let’s say that you have a questionnaire in which you ask respondents how many times they have been pregnant. All female respondents should have a response coded in the data. Males, however, should either be left blank or should have a special code for failing to answer. If any males in the data are coded as having 3 pregnancies, for example, you know there is an error and it needs to be corrected. References Babbie, E. (2001). The Practice of Social Research: 9th Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thomson.

How Is the SAT Scored Scoring Charts

How Is the SAT Scored Scoring Charts SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One question that often comes up as you begin studying for the SAT is this: how on earth is this thing scored? Or more specifically, how are the raw scores you earn from each section turned into those neat numbers between 200 and 800 you see on the score report? This article breaks down how the SAT is scored, section by section. You will learn how your raw score becomes a scaled score and how you can use that information to your advantage. After all, a strong understanding of the exam can give you an edge on the SAT. Overview The SAT has two big sections – Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW), and Math. You can earn a scaled score of between 200 and 800 points on each section, for a total of 1600 possible points on the Redesigned SAT. (If you're looking for information about the old SAT, which was last offered in January 2016 and scored out of 2400, you can learn here how to calculate your SAT score and how to interpret your SAT results.) The scaled score of between 200 and 800 is converted from the raw score you earn on each section. Your raw score is simply the number of questions you answered correctly. Skipped or wrong questions do not add or subtract from your raw score. So how do those raw scores become scaled scores? It happens through a process that College Board calls equating: â€Å"Equating ensures that the different forms of the test or the level of ability of the students with whom you are tested do not affect your score. Equating makes it possible to make comparisons among test takers who take different editions of the test across different administrations.† In other words, equating is not curving your score relative to other test takers on the day you take the test. Equating controls for slight variations in different SAT dates to ensure that scaled scores represent the same level of ability across different test dates. For example, a 600 on SAT Math in March has to represent the same ability level as a 600 on SAT Math in May. So if the May test turns out to be more difficult for students, the raw-score to scaled-score calculation will be adjusted so that a slightly lower raw score still nets a 600 scaled score. Since the equating formula changes from test to test to keep the scores equal, there is no way to know for sure how a certain raw score will translate to a scaled score. However, the College Board releases raw score to scaled score ranges to give you an idea of what level of raw score you need to get to certain scaled score numbers. While there are not confirmed score range tables available yet, we can use the raw to scaled score tables included in College Board’s free SAT practice tests for a sense of how raw scores become scaled scores on the Redesigned SAT. You'll notice as you look at the tables that they differ slightly: for example, a raw score of 57 gets you a perfect 800 on Test 4 but not Test 1. This is because, as we discussed above, each test is equated so that despite slight differences in difficulty, an 800 on one test means the same as an 800 on another test. In this case, the Math section on Test 4 is slightly harder, so you can only miss one point and still get an 800. And don’t worry – we will explain scoring for each section in depth so you’ll know exactly how to use these tables. Test 1 Score Conversion Table Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Test 4 Score Conversion Table Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 4. Next, we will break down the mechanics of scoring section-to-section, to help you best prepare for each part of the test. Calculating Your Math Section Score Finding your score on SAT Math is relatively straightforward. I'll walk you step-by-step through finding your raw score to calculating your final scaled score between 200 and 800. Figure out your raw score on each of the two math sections (No Calculator and Calculator). This is just the total amount of questions you answered correctly. The No Calculator section has 20 possible points, while the Calculator section has 38 possible points. Blank or wrong questions do not count for or against you. For the Grid-In answers, where you fill in the answer rather than choosing A, B, C, or D, remember that there can be a few different ways to write the same answer (for example, 3/5 could also be written as 0.6). As an example, let's say I take Practice Test 1. After checking my answers, I count 15 correct answers on the No Calculator Section, and 25 correct answers on the Calculator section. I ignore wrong or blank answers as I count, since there is no longer a deduction for wrong answers. Add your No-Calculator raw score to your Calculator raw score. This is your final Math raw score. The highest possible raw score is 58. To continue my example, I would add 15 (my raw score on the No Calculator section) to 25 (my raw score on the Calculator section) for a final Math raw score of 40. Using the table for your practice test, find the scaled score of 200-800 your raw score matches to. Since I took Practice Test 1, I use Table 1 and find that a raw score of 40 translates to a scaled score of 610. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. What if you're not using one of College Board's practice tests? If you’re scoring questions from a practice test without a raw score to scaled score table, or you just want to know how many raw points you would need for a certain score, look at both tables to come up with an estimate. For example, when I look at Table 4, I see that a raw score of 40 on that test would have gotten me a 670! Based on that, I know if I get a raw score of 40 on Math, I can bet on a final score in the low- to mid-600s. We'll talk more about how to come up with raw score goals later in the post! Calculating Your Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Score Finding your EBRW scaled score is a bit trickier than finding your Math score, since you have to combine your performance on the Reading and Writing sections. Let's take a look. Find your raw score on the Reading section. This is just the total amount of questions you answered correctly. Blank or wrong questions do not count for or against you. The highest raw score possible is 52. To continue with my example, let's stay with Practice Test 1. Let's say I correct the Reading section and find that I got 39 questions right. That gives me a Reading raw score of 39. Find your raw score on the Writing section. This is just the total amount of questions you answered correctly. Blank or wrong questions do not count for or against you. The highest raw score possible is 44. Let's say I correct the Writing section and see that I got 35 questions correct. My Writing raw score is 35. Find your Reading â€Å"scaled score† on the table. This is a number between 10 and 40. Using Table 1, I look up my Reading raw score of 40, and see that it translates to a scaled score of 32. Find your Writing â€Å"scaled score† on the table. This is a number between 10 and 40. Using Table 1, I look up my Writing raw score of 35 and see that it also translates to 32. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Add your Reading and Writing scaled scores together. You’ll get a number between 20 and 80. Since I got a 32 scaled score on both Reading and Writing, I add them together: 32 + 32 = 64. Multiply your scaled score by 10. This is your final scaled score between 200 and 800. I multiply 64 by 10 to get 640. This is my final Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score. Finally, I can calculate my total SAT composite score, since I know my Math score (610) and my EBRW score (640). I simply add them together to get the composite: 610 + 640 = 1250. Not too shabby! Subscores But wait, there's more! The Redesigned SAT also gives you a number of subscores: two that rate your ability in different subjects (History/Social Studies and Science), and seven that break down the Math, Reading, and Writing sections into more specific (and creatively-named!) skills, for example, "Heart of Algebra." You can read in-depth about the Subscores on the Redesigned SAT website. We’ll explain here how to calculate these various subscores – and also talk a bit about why they’re not as important as your main section scores. Cross-Tess Scores: Analysis in History/Social Studies and Analysis in Science To calculate your cross-test scores, you need to have access to a detailed answer key that marks which questions fall under which cross-score categories, since they will come from all different sections of the test. If you take the College Board's free practice tests (linked above), then you can use their answer keys, which are quite detailed. Find the questions marked as History/Social Studies and Science in the answer key. Next, find your raw score for each category – simply total up how many questions you got right. This can be a bit tedious, since you have to count up questions from different sections. College Board's answer keys come with a table to help you do this. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Finally, use their table to calculate your final scaled score, between 10 and 40, for each subject area, History/Social Science and Science, based on the raw scores you found. Unlike EBRW, you do not combine these two scores and multiply them for a final scaled score between 200 and 800. They simply stand alone as indicators of your Science and Social Science skills. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Subject-Specific Subscores You can also calculate subscores for seven other areas: Expression of Ideas, Standard English Conventions, Heart of Algebra, Problem Solving and Data Analysis, Passport to Advanced Math, Words in Context, and Command of Evidence. These subscores give you more fine-grained information about your performance within Math and EBRW. You find these subscores using the same process: find the questions marked as belonging to those categories, total up your raw score for each category, and then use the conversion table to find your scaled scores. It can definitely be tedious to calculate all of these on your own, since there are seven categories, but it can be worth it to learn more about your strengths and weaknesses as a test-taker, as we will discuss below. An example of how to find the relevant questions to calculate a subscore. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. The final conversion table for finding your subscores. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. How Much Do My Subscores Matter? In terms of how your SAT score is perceived, the subscores aren’t very important. Colleges are looking most closely at your composite score, and then at the two main section scores (EBRW and Math). They may look at your subscores for more info or context about your performance, but they’re not nearly as important. Especially since these subscore categories are new with the Redesigned SAT, and colleges aren’t really used to taking all of these different subscores into account, they are more likely to rely on just the basic composite (1600) and main section scores (out of 800) to compare your scores with other applicants. However, these subscores can be very helpful for you. Why? They can give you major clues as to where to focus your prep. For example, say that when you calculate your math subscores and notice that you missed over half of the â€Å"Passport to Advanced Math† questions, despite getting the other questions mostly correct. That’s a big hint that you are struggling with some higher-level math concepts, and you should study them carefully before retaking the test. So even though it's tedious, if you're not getting the scores you want on practice exams, take the time to calculate your subscores both the cross-subject scores and the section subscores to figure out where you're going wrong and to focus your studying more carefully. What About the Essay? Unlike the old SAT, on the new SAT, your essay score is totally separate and not combined with your final composite score in any way. (You could technically score a perfect 1600 even with a subpar essay – not that we recommend blowing the essay off, as we will discuss below!). As forhow your essay is graded, it will receive three scores between 2 and 8: one score for Reading, one for Analysis, and one for Writing. A 2 is the lowest score for any category, while 8 is the highest. Reading will judge how well you read through and understood the passage the essay is about and how well you demonstrate that understanding in your essay. Analysis will judge how well you analyze the passage in relation to the prompt and how solid (or not) your argument is. Writing will judge how strong your essay is from a construction standpoint: in other words, is it logical? Does it flow well? Do you use good grammar and spelling? Two readers (as in, two flesh and blood people!) will read your essay, and give the Reading, Analysis, and Writing parts of your essay a score from 1 to 4. Those scores will then be added together for the three final scores of between 2 and 8. You can read a complete SAT essay rubric in case you’re curious about how exactly the essay will be graded. How To Use This Information So, now that you’re an expert on how the SAT is scored, how can you use this information to your advantage? We have identified four key ways in which understanding SAT scores can help you make a smart study plan and improve your score. #1: Develop Targeted Raw Scores You can use College Board’s raw-to-scaled score tables to help develop a target raw score for each section. For example, if you want to crack 700 on Math, you should aim for at least a 45, though 50 is the safest bet. If you want to get to at least a 700 on EBRW, since it combines Reading and Writing, you can play around a bit with your raw score goals. For example, you could aim to get a scaled score of 35 on each section, for a total of 70. In this case, you would go for 45 raw points on Reading and 39 raw points on Writing. But say you are really confident about the Writing section but less confident on Reading. You could go for a perfect 40 on Writing and aim for 30 on Reading and still get a 70, a.k.a. 700, overall. In that case, you would aim for all 44 raw points on Writing and 36 raw points on reading. So no matter what your score goals are, using the tables to find the raw scores you need helps make your studying more concrete and manageable. Knowing how many raw points you need gives you a much better sense of how to approach each section. (By the way, if you're wondering what SAT score you should aim for you should read our guide to what a good SAT score is.) #2: Guess Aggressively Since the Redesigned SAT doesn’t have a guessing penalty, make sure to answer every single question on every single section – even if it means filling in random bubbles if you run out of time at the end of the test. At best, you’ll pick up an extra raw point or two, at worst, you won’t gain any. But you will not be hurt at all by guessing, so it’s worth the shot! Remember: if you're leaving blank bubbles on your SAT answer sheet, you're basically throwing away free raw points. #3: Don't Sweat the Essay... But Don't Brush It Off, Either Since the essay doesn’t factor into your final composite score, don’t devote too much of your SAT study time on it. Having the highest composite score possible is important both for admission to selective schools and for getting merit scholarships. However, you shouldn’t swing the other way and completely bomb the essay. Colleges will be able to read your essay when your SAT scores are sent, so you want it to represent your sincerest effort. Especially since colleges have the essay as an example of your writing, you want it to be good quality so that your carefully edited essays don't look like they were written by someone else. Bottom line: your overall composite score is much more important than the essay, and as long as your essay score isn’t drastically different than your composite, you’ll be fine. #4: Do Sweat the Math Section Since Math is exactly half of your composite score, it’s more important than ever to study hard for it. Unlike the old SAT, on which Math was just 1/3 of your total composite, on the Redesigned SAT, it can absolutely make or break your score. To take an example, let's look at two hypothetical students. Student A does perfectly on Reading and Writing, scoring a perfect 40 on each section for a composite of 800. However, he stumbles a bit on Math, getting a composite of 600. Student A's final composite is 1400. Student B, meanwhile, does perfectly on Math, with a score of 800, and Reading, with a scaled score of 40. However, she stumbles a bit on writing and only gets a scaled score of 30. Her final EBRW scaled score is a 70 (40 + 30), meaning that she ends up with an EBRW composite of 700. So Student B's final composite score is a 1500, significantly higher! The message here isn't to neglect studying for Reading and Writing. It is still important to do very well on both sections for a strong EBRW score. However, you can see that out of the three sections, Math carries the most weight, so it's very important to do well on Math for a strong final composite score. What's Next? Did the last section freak you out? If you don't consider yourself a math person, don't panic! We have the ultimate guide for SAT Math including practice problems and key strategies to help you do well. By the way, we believe anyone can be a math person! To find out how, check out this article on getting perfect grades in high school from our resident Harvard alum. Not only does this guide have great advice for improving your grades, it also explains the concept of a "growth mindset" and why having this mindset is key to doing well, even in subjects you think you're not good at. Get the complete lowdown on the Redesigned SAT with our complete guide to the New SAT. In this post we break down new question types, new strategies, and new challenges that you may face on the SAT beginning in March 2016. What SAT score should you aim for?We take you step by step through figuring out your SAT target score. This is a crucial step to be able to figure out the raw scores you need for each section and to make a comprehensive study plan. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points?Click below to download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need to keep in mind to have a shot:

Advertisements to Compare Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advertisements to Compare - Assignment Example Advertisements of this brand aim at creating concern within present and future mothers about baby -care and shifting their opinion from other similar products, both in terms of new design and quality information. Social Media channels can be selected as a mode of communicating the brand message as a whole instead of promoting VO5 targeting the young male and female audiences. This method of promotion will further help the brand in building media more loyal and informed customer base rewarding it with better market positioning in comparison to its competitors (Havas Worldwide, 2013). However, when applying this technique, the brand should be attentive in conveying any message that can raise disputes within its stakeholders. In addition, as it is likely that the messages conveyed through this mode is likely to be channelized within the mass in no time, negative publicity can become an obstruction to the brand’s continuous growth (Nadaraja, 2012). Television advertisement channels can be termed as another mode of mass communication by this brand for communicating to a huge base of customer audiences at a particular time. This type of advertisement channels prove to be effective as customers can get a better understanding of the brand based on their unique selling propositions conveyed through television medium (Bauer Media Magazines, 2013). Television advertising also raises concerns toward the appropriate identification of customers’ motivation needs. Under such circumstances, developing appropriate appeal through the advertisement will be necessary to avoid failure of the brand to attract a larger base of customers (Heath & Feldwick, 2007). Magazines also prove to be a very effective way for promoting such cosmetic brands, especially in case of women, who search for adequate information prior than selecting a particular grooming product. As magazines offer

Analysis of IT Services in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Analysis of IT Services in Business - Essay Example By 2003, the company was earning good revenues with offices opened in US, UK, Japan, Germany, Australia, and Singapore, along with manufacturing capacity at Penang and Malaysia. Terra was still in quest of expanding its business further however, it did not have sufficient funds after all heavy investments (CMIS, 2010). Therefore, for the first time, it decided to invite outside investors to help terra in expanding its product lines. These investors included the owner of â€Å"country’s largest sheep farm, an award-winning film director, an actor known for his temper and fondness for rugby and inventor of bungee jumping† (Blanchard & Bowles, 1998). Though these investors did not have much knowledge about corporate world, they wanted the Frost brothers to hire a professional management team (Blanchard & Bowles, 1998). Despite huge opposition for this decision, Frost brother ultimately appointed Stephanie Clark as vice president of IT and Operations.Her colleagues called t his woman as â€Å"force of nature† as she possessed diverse abilities from looking into the details of any operational problem to encouraging the employees keeping in mind the broader goals of the company (CMIS, 2010). She majorly focused on planning and execution, which did not influence firm’s engineering culture. They assumed that they could not perfect the products if there is a fixed schedule or budget for them. These clashes were at height in 2005 when the company was trying to make a filmless X-ray system.... By 2003, the company was earning good revenues with offices opened in US, UK, Japan, Germany, Australia, and Singapore, along with manufacturing capacity at Penang and Malaysia. Terra was still in quest of expanding its business further however, it did not have sufficient funds after all heavy investments (CMIS, 2010). Therefore, for the first time, it decided to invite outside investors to help terra in expanding its product lines. These investors included the owner of â€Å"country’s largest sheep farm, an award-winning film director, an actor known for his temper and fondness for rugby and inventor of bungee jumping† (Blanchard & Bowles, 1998). Though these investors did not have much knowledge about corporate world, they wanted the Frost brothers to hire a professional management team (Blanchard & Bowles, 1998). Despite huge opposition for this decision, Frost brother ultimately appointed Stephanie Clark as vice president of IT and Operations. Her colleagues called this woman as â€Å"force of nature† as she possessed diverse abilities from looking into the details of any operational problem to encouraging the employees keeping in mind the broader goals of the company (CMIS, 2010). She majorly focused on planning and execution, which did not influence firm’s engineering culture. They assumed that they could not perfect the products if there is a fixed schedule or budget for them. These clashes were at height in 2005 when the company was trying to make a filmless X-ray system for dental and veterinary uses. Clark was getting this made because she could see a hidden opportunity in this segment. She knew that film-based imaging technique was relatively low-priced but their cost